Surakarta (Solo)
Surakarta Surakarta is also widely known by the name "Solo". " Surakarta " is used in formal and official contexts. The city has a similar name to the neighboring district of "Kartasura," where the previous capital of Mataram was located. The variant spelling "Soerakarta" reflects the Dutch orthography in use before the 1948 spelling reform. Its ruling family lay claim to being the heirs to the Mataram dynasty. Like Yogyakarta, Solo has two royal palaces. A series of wars and clashes between the Adipati followed the death of the last Sultan of Demak Bintoro, the 1st Islamic kingdom in Java. One of these was Jaka Tingkir, son-in-law of the late sultan. After defeating the last opponent duke of Jipang-Panola, Jaka Tingkir, also known as Sultan Hadiwijaya, he claimed the throne and moved the capital to the city of Pajang, located about 8 miles from present-day Surakarta . His adopted son, Sutawijaya, formed a conspiracy and killed him with the h...